التأصيل باستخدام الميكروسكوب الإلكتروني الماسح والتحليل بالأشعة تحت الحمراء، تطبيقا على كتاب إسلامي

The process of falsifying old documents and manuscripts of questionable authenticity is a significant problem in the field of forgery. The aim of this study is to reduce forgery and fakes in a scientific and secure manner. To achieve this, it is necessary to understand and study the compounds involved in distinguishing between old paper and modern paper using techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (FTIR and SEM). Initially, SEM is used to identify the surface of the sample and compare it with both old and forged samples. This helps to observe the differences and determine if there are any time-based characteristics specific to the samples. One advantage of using SEM is that it requires minimal processing, except in the case of powder samples, where the soft material tends to aggregate to reduce its chemical energy. Secondly, FTIR is used to study the internal compounds of the samples and track the time factor's impact on the functional groups. The results clearly demonstrate a distinction between the fake samples and the original ones. This difference becomes apparent through the analyses and examinations conducted. For example, SEM reveals the presence of dust and other particles that are not visible to the naked eye in the applied samples due to the accumulation of dust over time. On the other hand, FTIR analysis demonstrates the presence of alkane groups responsible for energy storage, which explains the tendency of old paper to burn more quickly.